South Sudan — the world’s youngest country — has been plagued by ongoing violence since it was established in July 2011. In the immediate aftermath of gaining independence, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) was shored up to support the new government, protect civilians, monitor and investigate human rights violations, support humanitarian assistance, and promote the implementation of the peace agreement.
In April 2024, the UNMISS mandate was extended for an additional year to prevent a return to civil war. The Security Council, which adopted Resolution 2729 by a vote of 13-0 (with two abstentions), plans to maintains its force levels with a maximum of 17,000 troops and a police ceiling of 2,101 personnel, including 88 justice and corrections advisors. The Security Council’s decision comes as South Sudan prepares for its first elections and neighboring Sudan continues to descend into an historic humanitarian crisis.